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Statens Planteavlsforsøg Landbrugscentret

Statens Forsøgsstation, St. Jyndevad 6360 Tinglev

Vand og kvælstof til almindelig rajgræs

Beretning nr. S 1704 b

D. Planternes kemiske sammensætning ved kontroDeret vandtilførsel Application of water and nitrogen to perennial ryegrass

II. The chemical composition of the plants with controlled water application

Karen Søegaard Resume

Den største effekt på planternes kemiske sammensætning ved varieret udtørring inden vanding fandtes mellem middel og stærk udtørrings grad. Selvom der ofte ikke var forskel på tørstofproduktionen ved svag og middel udtørringsgrad, havde vandingshyppigheden indvirkning på planternes kemiske sam- mensætning. Ved hyppigere vanding steg især planternes indhold pr. kg tørstof af fosfor, kalium og træstof, mens indholdet af kvælstof og antallet af foderenheder faldt.

Ved stigende kvælstoftilførsel steg indholdet af natrium, kalium, magnesium, calcium og antallet af foderenheder pr. kg tørstof, mens træstofindholdet faldt.

Det procentiske indhold af calcium og magnesium steg med stigende gennemsnitstemperatur , hvor- imod indholdet af kalium og træstof ikke var temperaturafhængigt.

Indholdet af de enkelte aminosyrer pr. kg tørstof steg ved stigende kvælstof tilførsel og stigende ud- tørringsgrad. Det relative indhold af asparaginsyre (inklusiv asparagin) og glutaminsyre (inklusiv glu- tamin) steg kraftigt ved stigende kvælstof tilfØrsel , mens indholdet afhistidin, arginin, glycin, valin, iso- leucin, leucin, tyrosin, phenylalanin, methionin og alanin faldt. Ved svag udtØrring steg det relative prolinindhold ikke ved stigende kvælstof tilførsel , hvorimod der var en kraftig stigning ved stærk udtør- ring. Ved stigende udtørringsgrad steg det relative prolinindhold, mens det relative indhold aflysin og asparaginsyre (inklusiv asparagin) faldt. Det relative prolinindhold ved slæt var uafhængigt af det ak- tuelle vanddeficit.

Nøgleord: Almindelig rajgræs, vandingsfrekvens, kvælstof, kemisk sammensætning, aminosyresammensætning.

Summary

The greatest effect on the chemicai composition of the plants at varied water stress before irrigation was found between medium and high water stress. There was often no difference in the dry matter pro- duction at low and medium water stress. Nevertheless the chemical composition ofthe plants was affec- ted by the irrigation frequency. With more frequent irrigation the content per kg dry matter of phos- phorus, potassium and crude fibre increased, while the content of nitrogen and the number of feed units decreased.

Tidsskr. Planteavl 88 (1984), 142-143.

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With increasing nitrogen application the content of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and the number of feed units per kg dry matter increased while the content of crude fibre decreased.

The percentage content of calcium and magnesium at harvest increased with increasing mean tempe- rature, while the content of potassium and crude fibre was not dependent an temperature.

The content of the separate amina acids per kg dry matter increased with increasing nitrogen appli- cation and increasing water stress. The relative content of aspartic acid (including asparagine ) and glu- tamic acid (including glutamine ) increased strongly with increasing nitrogen application, while the con- tent of histidine, arginine, glycine, valine, iso-Ieucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, methionine and alanine decreased. With low water stress the relative content af proline did not increase with in- creasing nitrogen application. However, there was a strong increase with high water stress. With in- creasing water stress the relative content of proline increased, while the relative content of lysine and aspartic acid (including asparagine ) decreased. The relative content of proline at harvest was not de- pendent an the actual water deficit.

Key words: Perennial ryegrass, irrigation frequency, nitrogen, chernical composition, composition of the arnino acid.

Beretningen kan fås på Statens Planteavlskontor , Kongevejen 83, 2800 Lyngby, tlf. (02) 85 50 57.

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