IMPACTS OF MAAS
WHIMPACTS WHITE PAPER
Aalborg Trafikdage 27.8.2019 Atte Riihelä, Ramboll Finland
SO, WHAT IS MAAS?
QUICK SUMMARY OF MAAS : MOBILITY AS A SERVICE
• MaaS as a term was invented and implemented in Finland 2015 largely as a result the transport sector deregulation process by the Finnish Government.
• Similar efforts have been done elsewhere, for example in Switzerland, but the MaaS as a term seems to have ”made it” globally.
• The paradigm especially aims for the reduction of own car use by making the combination of other modes competitive as a simple, full service utilising the digitalisation of transport.
• Technically speaking MaaS is based on the digital connections (APIs) of different TSPs
(Transport Service Providers) operational platforms and MaaS operator that coordinate and connect the services under one mobile smartphone user interface.
• There are different kinds of applications of MaaS e.g. to dense areas and rural areas.
• MaaS is a novel concept and requires right kind of institutions and agreements between them.
There are very few practical examples of MaaS around yet although technology is ready.
THE WHIM- FLAVOUR OF MAAS: OWN BRAND
EXAMPLE OF A MAAS SERVICE/
BUSINESS MODEL:
Whim has three subscription tiers with an option to monthly packages with varying level of service.
BUT MAAS AWARENESS IS RISING EVERYWHERE
Many activities
Not much happening
Awareness is rising fast Clear indication of interest
Many cities and rural
communities are interested in MaaS and have already executed MaaS-related tendering processes. Many seminars and conferences.
Big TNCs (like Uber and Lyft) and other players have plans about entering into MaaS- market (proper).
MaaS begun in Finland. The origin of the most known MaaS-operator MaaS Global aiming form global presence with their own brand. Many other active organisations providing Platform and services like Ramboll and Kyyti Group.
Many signs of interest in the Asian countries. Not realised yet as pilots etc.
Grab and other players have varying TNC services but maybe not full-blown MaaS - yet.
6
Very active interest on MaaS by cities and transport operators.
Scandinavia has been most active having probably the first MaaS pilot (MobiGo) in Sweden.
Big German car
manufacturers and other industrial players are investing a lot into the technology and
implementing pilots.
In Australia and New
Zealand interest rising. No proper practical applications yet though.
Switzerland is probably most advanced in Digital Mobility. They just don’t call it MaaS.
Netherlands has now probably the most progressive Framework
Programme
implementing 6 big MaaS pilots.
Japan is very active both planning pilots and actively looking for MaaS
investments example of Toyota financing MaaS Global in Finland.
WHIM: OVER 70 000 REGISTERED USERS
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION IS THE BACKBONE OF MAAS
AVERAGE DAILY TRIPS OF MAAS USERS AND TYPICAL
HELSINKI RESIDENTS ARE ABOUT THE SAME
MAAS USERS RIDE PUBLIC TRANSPORT MORE
THAN THEIR HELSINKI COUNTERPARTS
TAXIS ARE A WELCOME OPTION TO MAAS USERS
MAAS USERS ARE MULTIMODALISTS
MAAS HELPS SOLVE THE FIRST/LAST MILE PROBLEM
MAAS USERS MAKE SHORTER CITYBIKE TRIPS
MAAS GROWS ALONG PUBLIC TRANSPORT CORRIDORS
NEW TRANSPORTATION SOLUTIONS CAN REPLACE UP
TO 38% OF DAILY CAR TRIPS
MAAS USERS PLAY BY THE RULES
RENTAL CARS ARE PART OF MAAS DAILY TRIPS
NOTED LIMITATIONS TO DATA ANALYSIS
First Marketing Campaign in December 2017
Continuous User Growth in 2018
Early Adopters Likely Over- Represent
Demographic Segments
Likely Excluded
Trip Purchase Method
Impacts Mode Assignment
Data Privacy Limits
Resolution
Mismatch of Modes between Whim and
Helsinki Data Sets
Whim Terms of Service
Idiosyncrasies Skew Travel Patterns
Whim
Unlimited User Trips
Statistically Insignificant
Total Trip
Count of Some Modes
Statistically Insignificant
Origins &
Destinations are Based on Ticket
Purchase Location
FAQ
- Why MaaS took off from Finland?
- And what are the main challenges for the cities in the
implementation phase?
21
THE FINNISH ACT ON TRANSPORT SERVICES
The Act on Transport Services (TSA) lays the foundation for transport as a service: development, provision and use of transport services. It approaches transport services from the point of view of smooth travel chains . The
opening of the data concerning transport services and the requirement for the compatibility of systems .
Finland has been granted a “Government Leadership Award” on 26 February 2019 by the GSM Association (GSMA), the international cooperation body of mobile operators, and it was received by Minister of Transport and Communications Anne Berner. The Act is the first of its kind in the world.
TAKE AWAYS
• Our initial findings show that new mobility methods and platforms seem to succeed in a mode-rich, densely populated urban environment with high accessibility to retail,
commerce, and jobs
• Institutions define what can be done - instead of what should be done
• Being a novel paradigm, there can be many cognitive, formal, organizational and technological barriers of implementation
• New mobility options can offer a lot and precise data, but nationwide travel surveys still has their place
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CONTACT:
Atte Riihelä, Project Manager – Intelligent Urban Transportation atte@ramboll.com
