Test Report

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SKOV Fresh Air Inlets

No. 937 ^◆2001

Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries

Type DA 1200 and DA 1211

DA 1211 DA 1200

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SKOV A/S

Hedelund 4, Glyngøre DK-7870 Roslev Tel.: +45 7217 5555

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Summary

The performance of the fresh air inlets at 10 Pa negative pressure in the house is as follows when the flaps are 1/1 respectively 1/4 open:

Air performance m³/h

Type Static

neg. pres. 1/1 open shutter 1/4 open shutter

DA 1200 brick-in depth 240 mm 10 1250 400

DA 1200 brick-in depth 330 mm 10 1350 430

DA 1211 flange model (240 mm wall)

flange 40 mm

depth 110 mm 10 1280 –

Description

The fresh air inlets are designed for regulation of the air intake in livestock houses. They can be bricked-in or mounted in walls and placed according to the function.

The inlets, which are made of a recyclable plastic material, consist of an inlet box, which has a spring-loaded, bottom-hinged flap (2 springs in each side) at the inner side and at the outer side a bird mesh, available as open-meshed or fine-meshed. The inlets are equipped with a middle division bar to strengthen the construction. At the upper edge of the inlet against the inner side an air direction baffle is mounted, which is adjustable according to the shape of the house and season.

The flap is adjusted by means of cord drive/pull rod, and it is adjustable in different positions by means of a central mounted handle or a winch motor controlled by a temperature sensor.

The inlets are mounted with advanced inlet control, so they can open in arbitrary order. The inlets can also be equipped with an air damper plate, if varying pressure conditions around the building must be equalized.

The extend of the test

The fresh air inlets were tested in 1997 and in 2001 according to guidelines stated in Danish Standard 6039 and has included measurements on a test stand for determination of the quan- tity of air sucked through the inlets at different negative pressures. Measurements of the velocity and direction of the air jet were made in a distance of 1 m from the inlets (fig. 1 and 2).

The result of the measurements is corrected to apply for air with a density of 1.2 kg per m³, corresponding to an air temperature of 16^oC, a relative air humidity of 80 % and a static pressure of 100 kPa. The tables indicate the result for the range 5-40 Pa negative pressure at different positions, as 40 Pa normally is the highest negative pressure in livestock houses. The drag figures in the tables 1, 2, 3 and 4 apply for the smallest cross-sectional area in the inlet box. To illustrate the movement of the air taken in under non-isothermal conditions the shape and velocity of the air jet is fixed for the first 8 m from the inlets at air taken in, approx. 20^oC colder than the air in the house.

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Result of the test

Wall inlet type DA 1200 is tested separately and in blocks with 4, for AIC (advanced inlet control) and with air damper plate mounted. The flange model type DA 1211 is only tested in open position and mounted in a 240 mm wall.

The results are listed in the tables 1-5:

Table 1: Type DA 1200, brick-in model, depth 330 mm, mounted individually Table 2: Type DA 1200, brick-in model, depth 240 mm, mounted individually Table 3: Type DA 1211, (flange model), total open position

Table 4: Type DA 1200, 4 inlets with same opening, mounted in one block Table 5: Type DA 1200, 4 inlets with AIC-opening, mounted in one block

Table 1. Fresh air inlet, type DA 1200, depth 330 mm, air direction baffle 27°°°° upwards, open mesh. Air performance, air velocity 1 m from the inlet, direction of the air jet and drag figures at different openings

Opening of the flap and the travel of the

string

Static neg. pressure

Pa

Air perform.

(volume flow rate) m³/h

Air velocity at a distance of

1 m m/s

Direction of the air jet

degrees

Drag figures

1/1 277 mm ^*) 375 mm

5 10 20 40

1000 1350 1940 2700

3.6 3 1.4

3/4 208 mm ^*) 270 mm

5 10 20 40

910 1300 1850 2580

3.3 10 1.5

1/2 138 mm ^*) 175 mm

5 10 20 40

690 980 1390 1970

3.1 27 2.6

1/4 69 mm ^*) 80 mm

5 10 20 40

360 430 700 980

2.2 30 13.8

1/8 35 mm ^*) 37 mm

5 10 20 40

170 240 330 460

1.4 29 42.7

1/16 17 mm ^*) 17 mm

5 10 20 40

90 120 170 260

1.0 26 –

1/1 277 mm ^*) 375 mm Fine mesh

5 10 20 40

870 1210 1660 2390

3.3 3 1.7

*) Biggest opening between the inlet box and flap. Figure 1 shows the direction of the air jet.

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Table 2. Fresh air inlet, type DA 1200, depth 240 mm, air direction baffle 27°°°° upwards, open mesh. Air performance, air velocity 1 m from the inlet and drag figures at different openings

string

Pa

Air performance (volume flow rate)

m³/h

Air velocity at a distance of

1 m m/s

Drag figures

1/1 277 mm ^*) 375 mm Open mesh

5 10 20 40

880 1250 1750 2490

3.2 1.6

3/4 208 mm ^*) 270 mm Open mesh

5 10 20 40

840 1170 1650 2400

3.5 1.8

1/2 138 mm ^*) 175 mm Open mesh

5 10 20 40

560 810 1140 1630

2.7 3.8

1/4 69 mm ^*) 80 mm Open mesh

5 10 20 40

310 400 570 820

1.6 15.4

5 10 20 40

150 210 310 430

1.1 60

5 10 20 40

60 90 130 180

0.6 –

1/1 277 mm ^*) 375 mm Fine mesh

5 10 20 40

800 1080 1520 2150

2.8 2.1

*) Biggest opening between inlet box and flap.

Table 3. Fresh air inlet, type DA 1211. Flange model, air direction baffle 27°°°° upwards, with open mesh in 240 mm wall. Air performance, air velocity 1 m from the inlet, direction of the air jet and drag figures at different openings

string

Pa

Air perform.

(volume flow rate) m³/h

Air velocity at a distance

of 1 m m/s

degrees

Drag figures

1/1 277 mm ^*) 375 mm Open mesh

5 10 20 40

910 1280 1800 2550

3.2 5 1.5

*) Biggest opening between inlet box and flap.

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Table 4. Fresh air inlet, type DA 1200, 4 pcs. as one block with joint opening and open mesh. Air performance, air velocity 1 m from the inlet, direction of the air jet and drag figures at different openings

Opening per inlet

Pa

Air perform.

(volume rate flow) m³/h

Air velocity at a distance

of 1 m m/s

degrees

Drag figures

11.85 cm

5 10 20 40

2200 3240 4490 6500

3.0 35 5.5

4.0 cm

5 10 20 40

760 1100 1550 2240

1.7 51 48

1.0 cm

5 10 20 40

190 270 380 540

0.8 70 –

0.50 cm

5 10 20 40

110 150 220 300

0.5 73 –

0.25 cm

5 10 20 40

60 90 130 190

0.4 68 –

Table 5. Fresh air inlet, type DA 1200, 4 pcs. as one block, with AIC-opening and open mesh. Air performance at different openings

Opening of the inlets

A inlet: The top inlet to the left, seen from the inside of the house The other 3 inlets are called B

Pa

Air performance (volume flow rate)

m³/h A inlet: 13.85 cm

B inlets: 11.2 cm

5 1020 40

2380 32504650 6520 A inlet: 6.9 cm

B inlets: 3.0 cm

5 1020 40

780 11701580 2250 A inlet: 4.0 cm

B inlets: Closed

105 2040

200290 400570

A inlet: 2.0 cm B inlets: Closed

105 2040

14090 190260

A inlet: 1.0 cm B inlets: Closed

5 1020 40

50 10070 140

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Figure 1. Piece by piece, depth 330 mm (see table 1)

Figure 2. 4 inlets in one block with joint opening (see table 4)

1/1 open

Open mesh 3/4 open 1/2 open 1/1 open

Fine mesh

1/4 open 1/8 open 1/16 open

1.00 cm open per inlet 0.50 cm open per inlet 0.25 cm open per inlet 4.00 cm open per inlet 11.85 cm open per inlet

Open mesh

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Direction of the air jet under non-isothermal conditions

Figure 3. DA 1200, depth 240 mm, 1/4 open

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Afstand fra ventil, m 0

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

1,10 14,3 0,80 14,2 1,60 14,6 2,65

15,2 1,10

16,1 1,60 16,6

0,80 15,9 0,60 16,4

0,50 17,5 0,60 18,0 0,90 17,5 1,10 17,2

0,30 m/s 19,1 °C 0,50 19,2 0,65 18,4 1,00 17,8

0,75 18,3

0,60 18,5

0,40 m/s 19,5 °C

0,65 18,6

0,55 19,4

0,50 19,5 0,55

18,9 0,45 m/s

19,0 °C

0,30 m/s 19,7 °C

40 Pa t = 17,9°C 20 Pa t = 19,3°C

10 Pa t = 21,2°C 5 Pa t = 21,0°C

Height above floor, m

Distance from inlet, m

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,70 14,4

0,50 16,3 0,30 17,3 0,85 16,3 1,30 16,4

0,50 17,8 0,80 18,3

0,30 19,9 0,20 m/s 20,7 °C

0,10 m/s 20,5 °C 0,40 18,9 0,50 19,3

0,30 20,0 0,35

20,0 0,25

20,3

0,20 m/s 20,8 °C

0,20 m/s 20,4 °C

40 Pa t = 20,3°C 20 Pa t = 21,5°C

10 Pa t = 22,5°C 5 Pa t = 21,0°C

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,20 m/s 20,7 °C

0,20 m/s 20,0 °C 0,,20 m/s

19,0 °C 0,30 19,0 0,40 20,0

0,30 20,1

0,25 19,7 0,40

17,6 0,80 17,9

0,25 17,3 0,20 m/s 19,3 °C 0,40 16,6 0,35 17,8 0,50 16,7 1,00 16,7

40 Pa t = 20,6°C 20 Pa t = 20,2°C

10 Pa t = 21,5°C 5 Pa t = 20,7°C

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Figure 6. 4 pcs. DA 1200, all 4 inlets 0.25 cm open (see table 4) Traditional

Figure 7. 4 pcs. DA 1200, A inlet 1 cm open, B inlet closed (see table 5) AIC

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,20 m/s 19,3 °C 0,35

18,0 0,60 17,1

0,20 0,20 m/s 19,8 °C 0,25 18,1

40 Pa t = 20,3°C

20 Pa t = 20,0°C 10 Pa t = 21,5°C

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,10 m/s 20,4 °C

0,10 m/s 19,9 °C 0,25 m/s 19,7 °C

0,40 19,4

0,50 17,9

0,20 m/s 19,3 °C 0,85 17,2

0,35 18,3

40 Pa t = 20,0°C 20 Pa t = 17,4°C

10 Pa t = 15,9°C 5 Pa t = 14,1°C

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Figure 8. 4 pcs. DA 1200, all 4 inlets 0.5 cm open (see table 4) Traditional

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,50 16,0 0,70 15,1

0,30 19,1

0,25 16,0

0,30 17,5

0,20 m/s 18,2 °C

0,20 m/s 20,6 °C 0,20 m/s

19,8 °C

0,30 20,2 0,45

16,6

40 Pa t = 20,4°C

20 Pa t = 19,4°C 10 Pa t = 20,1°C

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,20 m/s 20,0 °C

0,20 m/s 20,7 °C 0,10 m/s

19,7 °C 0,35 18,1

0,10 m/s 19,8 °C 0,40 19,5

0,40 16,8 0,50 16,0

0,55 17,8 0,80 17,4

0,35 19,5

0,35 19,8 0,70

16,1 1,10 15,9

40 Pa t = 20,9°C 20 Pa t = 20,5°C

10 Pa t = 18,7°C 5 Pa t = 17,7°C

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1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,20 m/s 20,2 °C 0,35

19,3 0,40

0,40 17,6 15,5

0,30 14,3 0,70 14,0

0,20 14,6

0,60 16,0

0,30 15,4

0,20 m/s 16,1 °C

0,35 19,1

0,30 m/s 19,3 °C

0,30 m/s 19,5 °C

0,30 19,6

40 Pa t = 18,1°C 20 Pa t = 19,9°C

10 Pa t = 20,5°C 5 Pa t = 19,9°C

Distance from inlet, m Afstand fra ventil, m 0

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,20 m/s 20,2 °C 0,35

19,3 0,40

0,40 17,6 15,5

0,30 14,3 0,70 14,0

0,20 14,6

0,60 16,0

0,30 15,4

0,20 m/s 16,1 °C

0,35 19,1

0,30 m/s 19,3 °C

0,30 m/s 19,5 °C

0,30 19,6

40 Pa t = 18,1°C 20 Pa t = 19,9°C

10 Pa t = 20,5°C 5 Pa t = 19,9°C

6

Figure 10. 4 pcs. DA 1200, all 4 inlets 1 cm open (see table 4)0 60

Traditional

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,40 m/s 20,3 °C

0,30 m/s 20,4 °C

0,30 m/s 20,8 °C

0,30 m 20,8 °C 0,40

20,6 0,50

20,5

0,40 20,8 0,40

20,7 0,60 20,3 0,70

20,3

0,45 20,1 0,50

19,5 0,80 19,1

0,45 19,6

0,45 18,3 0,50 18,1 0,60 18,9 1,10 18,8

0,75 16,7 1,10 16,8 1,70 16,7

0,55 15,9 0,80 14,8

40 Pa t = 18,5°C 20 Pa t = 19,3°C

10 Pa t = 21,5°C 5 Pa t = 21,0°C

Distance from inlet, m Afstand fra ventil, m 0

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,40 m/s 20,3 °C

0,30 m/s 20,4 °C

0,30 m/s 20,8 °C

0,30 m 20,8 °C 0,40

20,6 0,50

20,5

0,40 20,8 0,40

20,7 0,60 20,3 0,70

20,3

0,45 20,1 0,50

19,5 0,80 19,1

0,45 19,6

0,45 18,3 0,50 18,1 0,60 18,9 1,10 18,8

0,75 16,7 1,10 16,8 1,70 16,7

0,55 15,9 0,80 14,8

40 Pa t = 18,5°C 20 Pa t = 19,3°C

10 Pa t = 21,5°C 5 Pa t = 21,0°C

TraditionalTraditionalTraditionalTraditional

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1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4

0,40 m/s 18,5 °C

0,45 m/s 19,0 °C

0,40 m/

19,2 °C 0,45 m 18,6 °C 0,75

18,6 0,80

18,3 0,90

18,6 1,00

18,0

0,70 17,7

0,50 18,0 0,70

17,0 0,80 16,9

0,50 17,5 1,20 17,8

0,50 16,1 0,90 16,4 1,10 16,1 1,50 17,6

0,80 13,1 1,30 14,8 1,60 15,2 2,40 15,6

5 6 7 8

0,65

18,9 0,50

19,1

0,45 19,2

Klæber til loft

40 Pa t = 10,3°C 20 Pa t = 11,9°C

10 Pa t = 12,8°C 5 Pa t = 16,2°C

Follows the ceiling

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4

0,40 m/s 18,5 °C

0,45 m/s 19,0 °C

0,40 m/

19,2 °C 0,45 m 18,6 °C 0,75

18,6 0,80

18,3 0,90

18,6 1,00

18,0

0,70 17,7

0,50 18,0 0,70

17,0 0,80 16,9

0,50 17,5 1,20 17,8

0,50 16,1 0,90 16,4 1,10 16,1 1,50 17,6

0,80 13,1 1,30 14,8 1,60 15,2 2,40 15,6

5 6 7 8

0,65

18,9 0,50

19,1

0,45 19,2

Klæber til loft

40 Pa t = 10,3°C 20 Pa t = 11,9°C

10 Pa t = 12,8°C 5 Pa t = 16,2°C

Follows the ceiling

Figure 13. 4 pcs. DA 1200, A inlet 6.9 cm open, B inlets 3 cm open (see table 5) Traditional

AIC

Figure 12. 4 pcs. DA 1200, all 4 inlets 4 cm open (see table 4)

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,40 m/s 18,2 °C 0,40 m/s

18,2 °C 0,60 17,6 0,70 17,0 1,00 18,7

0,90 18,7

0,60 17,5

0,60 17,8 0,60

17,8 0,60 16,4 0,80 16,3 1,20 18,3

0,60 14,5 0,90 14,8 1,10 16,2 1,50 17,1

1,30 13,2 1,70 13,8

0,70 13,6

0,60 17,7 0,80 18,8

0,60 18,8

0,60 18,4

0,30 m/s 18,8 °C

0,35 m/s 18,4 °C 3,10

14,4

40 Pa t = 10,0°C 20 Pa t = 13,0°C

10 Pa t = 14,7°C 5 Pa t = 17,4°C

Klæber til loft

Follows the ceiling

1 2 3 4 5 6

Højde over gulv, m

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0,40 m/s 18,2 °C 0,40 m/s

18,2 °C 0,60 17,6 0,70 17,0 1,00 18,7

0,90 18,7

0,60 17,5

0,60 17,8 0,60

17,8 0,60 16,4 0,80 16,3 1,20 18,3

0,60 14,5 0,90 14,8 1,10 16,2 1,50 17,1

1,30 13,2 1,70 13,8

0,70 13,6

0,60 17,7 0,80 18,8

0,60 18,8

0,60 18,4

0,30 m/s 18,8 °C

0,35 m/s 18,4 °C 3,10

14,4

40 Pa t = 10,0°C 20 Pa t = 13,0°C

10 Pa t = 14,7°C 5 Pa t = 17,4°C

Klæber til loft

Follows the ceiling

Traditional TraditionalTraditionalTraditional

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Inlet DA 1200, depth 240 mm with air damper baffle and air direction plate 27°°°° upwards

The inlet DA 1200 is tested with an air damper plate mounted, so the air performance at different flap opening is maintained, as stated in table 1, at 10 Pa.

Figure 14 shows how much the negative pressure increases by using an air damper plate, e.g.

the negative pressure is increased from 10 Pa to 33 Pa at 1/4 open inlet and at the same performance.

Figure 14. DA 1200 with air damper plate

Technical specifications

DA 1200 DA 1200 DA 1211

Depth 330 mm Depth 240 mm Depth 110 mm

Weight kg 5.5 4.5 3.6

Depth exclusive of flap mm 330 240 150 ^*)

Depth inclusive of flap max. mm 455 365 235

Width mm 590 590 550

Height mm 300 300 260

Installation dimensions mm 615 × 325 615 × 325 570 × 280

Inlet open. against house w × h mm 525 × 205 525 × 205 525 × 205

Mesh size in bird mesh, fine mm 10 × 10 10 × 10 10 × 10

Mesh size in bird mesh, open mm 64 × 20 64 × 20 64 × 20

Force to activate shutter ^**) N 28.0 28.0 28.0

*) Inclusive of flange of 40 mm, exclusive of mesh

**) With air damper plate installed 44 N.

Søren Pedersen Thorkild M. Jensen

Research Centre Bygholm, 2002 ISSN: 1398-0416

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

0 17 94 127 185 277 Spjældåbning, mm

Tryk, Pa

29 37 50 60 80 111 144 160

0 100 195293 392494 599 697 792 889 996 1093 1199 1250Luftydelse, m³/h

Pressure, Pa

Flap opening, mm Air performance, m³/h

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P. O. Box 536 • Schüttesvej 17 DK-8700 Horsens