Appendix 8 A Survey of Smart Grid Communication with focus on Embedded Systems (in English)

DREAM Phase 1 – Appendix to main report

4 ForskEL projekt nr. 10744

Project partners:

Appendix 8

A Survey of Smart Grid

Communication with focus

on Embedded Systems (in

English)

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By Theis Solberg Hjorth, Danfoss Power Electronics 2014-01-31

A contribution to phase 1 of the ForskEL Project DREAM - “Danish Renewable Energy Aligned Markets”

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Contents

Introduction ... 3

General Smart Grid Progress ... 4

EU Smart Grid State-of-the-Art 2012 ... 5

Obstacles ... 6

Standardization Efforts ... 7

Smart Grid in the EU vs. USA ... 7

Smart Grid Communication ... 9

Introduction to Communication ... 9

Communication Security ... 10

Communication Security - Analysis and Discussion ... 11

Technical Communication Issues ... 13

Control Intelligence ... 14

Summary ... 17

List of Communication Standards... 18

EnerNOC: Green Button⁸ ... 18

EnerNOC: XMPP¹² ... 18

Alternatives to XMPP ... 20

Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP)¹⁵ ... 20

MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT)¹⁶ ... 20

Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)¹⁷ ... 20

Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)¹⁸ ... 21

OpenADR2⁹ ... 21

Building Automation: BACnet, Modbus, KNX, LonWorks ... 22

IETF ... 23

European Smart Meter Communication Standardization Efforts ... 24

iPower Flexibility Interface ... 25

3

Recommendations ... 25

Requirements for an Open Embedded Smart Grid Communication Standard ... 25

Roadmap for an Open Protocol ... 26

System Overview with a Cloud server ... 28

References ... 31

Appendix ... 32

Introduction

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General Smart Grid Progress

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EU Smart Grid State-of-the-Art 2012

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Obstacles

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Standardization Efforts

Smart Grid in the EU vs. USA

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Smart Grid Communication

Introduction to Communication

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Communication Security

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Communication Security - Analysis and Discussion

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Technical Communication Issues

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Control Intelligence

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Summary

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List of Communication Standards

EnerNOC: Green Button

EnerNOC: XMPP

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Pros:

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Cons:

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Alternatives to XMPP

Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP)¹⁵

MQ Telemetry Transport (MQTT)¹⁶

Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)¹⁷

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Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)¹⁸

OpenADR2

22

Building Automation: BACnet, Modbus, KNX, LonWorks

23

IETF

24

European Smart Meter Communication Standardization Efforts

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iPower Flexibility Interface

Recommendations

Requirements for an Open Embedded Smart Grid Communication Standard

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Roadmap for an Open Protocol

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System Overview with a Cloud server

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References

http://arxiv.org/abs/1112.3516

https://www.eff.org/nsa-spying/nsadocs

http://www.stitcs.com/en/lonworks/bacnet%20vs%20lonworks.pdf

http://www.benjaminbiegel.com/flexibility-interface-%E2%80%93-information- modeling-for-direct-control-84.html

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Appendix

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