Page 83 of 93 sorting and recycling but could be done in Denmark. The output could be processed by Danish recycling companies, like AVL, who currently imports plastic waste. Beside the gain of transparency related to what would otherwise happen to some exported waste, then this facility could turn the tables around and could additionally be treating plastic waste from our neighboring countries.
Turning the estimated costs of exporting household plastic waste abroad to create jobs and turning costs into new business opportunities and a source of income.
Page 84 of 93
11 Bibliography
Aage Vestergaard Larsen A/S. “Genanvendelse af indsamlet plast fra husstande.”
https://avl.dk/mudp-genanvendelse-af-indsamlet-plast-fra-husstande. 23.03.19.
Affald.dk. “Bioplast - hvad er det?”
https://www.affald.dk/da/ungdomsuddannelser/plast/artikler/655-bioplast-hvad-er-det.html.
Acc. 18.02.19.
Andrady, Anthony L. 2015. Plastics and Environmental Sustainability. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
BBC News. “Greta Thunberg nominated for Nobel Peace Prize for climate activism.”
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47568227. Acc. 14.03.19.
Brinkmann, Svend and Kvale, Steinar. 2015. Interviews - Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing. 3rd ed. Los Angeles, Cali.: SAGE Publications, Inc.
CLEAN. “Project.” https://www.cleancluster.dk/project/innomodel-plast/. Acc. 23.04.19.
Dame Ellen McArthur. “The surprising thing I learned sailing solo around the world,” TED2015, 14:30, posted by “TED2015,” March 2015.
https://www.ted.com/talks/dame_ellen_macarthur_the_surprising_thing_i_learned_sailing_s olo_around_the_world. Acc. 08.05.19.
Danish Energy Agency. “Energy Statistics 2016.”
https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energy_statistics_2016.pdf. Acc. 06.05.19. 35.
Danmarks Statistik. Households. https://www.statbank.dk/tabsel/206356. Acc. 10.05.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “Ownership and board of directors.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/about-dansk-retursystem/ownership-board/. Acc.
13.04.19.
Page 85 of 93 Dansk Retursystem. “Årsrapport 2017.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Aarsrapport-Dansk- retursystem-2017-1.pdf. Acc. 29.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “Where to take bottles and cans?”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/all-about-deposits/where-return/. Acc. 14.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. ”Pantstation.” https://pantstation.danskretursystem.dk/. Acc. 07.05.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “Regulated by law.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/about-dansk-retursystem/regulated/. Acc. 13.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “Funding of the deposit system.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/about-dansk-retursystem/funding/. Acc. 13.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “Technical equipment and service.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/store-office-restaurant/technical-equipment-and- service/. Acc. 13.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “One-way packaging.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/importer-
producer-intermediaries/om-engangsemballage-engelsk/. Acc. 15.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “Recycle or reuse.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/use-again-and- again/recycle-or-reuse/. Acc. 15.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “What you can return.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/en/all-about-deposits/what-return/. Acc. 13.04.19.
Page 86 of 93 Dansk Retursystem. “Pant på juice- og saftprodukter - hvad betyder det for dig som forbruger?”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/alt-om-pant/pant-paa-juice-og-saftprodukter-hvad-betyder-det-for-dig-som-forbruger/. Acc. 13.04.19.
Dansk Retursystem. “Årsrapporter og nøgletal.”
https://www.danskretursystem.dk/presse/aarsrapport-noegletal/. Acc. 29.04.19.
DR Nyhederne. “Ikke skod at samle skod: 146.000 børn samler i dag cigaretskod og affald.”
https://www.dr.dk/nyheder//ikke-skod-samle-skod-146000-boern-samler-i-dag-cigaretskod-og-affald. Acc. 25.03.19.
DR Nyheder. “39 kommuners dynger plastaffald kan føre til nyt genanvendelsesanlæg.”
https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/regionale/nordjylland/39-kommuners-dynger-plastaffald-kan-foere-til-nyt-genanvendelsesanlaeg. Acc. 26.03.19.
DR Nyheder. “Ikke alle kommuner sorterer plastikaffald fra husstande.”
https://www.dr.dk/ligetil/indland/ikke-alle-kommuner-sorterer-plastikaffald-fra-husstande.
Acc. 06. 05.19.
DR Nyheder. See: ”VIDEO Dansk fabrik må hente genbrugs-plastik i Holland.”
https://www.dr.dk/ligetil/indland/video-dansk-fabrik-maa-hente-genbrugs-plastik-i-holland.
Acc. 12.03.19.
Egholm, Liv. 2014. Philosophy of Science – Perspectives on Organisations and Society, Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Ertz, Myriam et al. 2017. ”From single-use to multi-use: Study of consumers' behavior toward consumption of reusable containers.” Journal of Environmental Management. Vol. 193: 334- 344.
European Commission. See: “Waste framework directive.” Directive 2008/98/EC.
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/waste/framework/. Acc. 19.01.19.
Page 87 of 93 European Commission. “Press Release, 2018, Commission reviews implementation of EU waste
rules, proposes actions to help 14 Member States meet recycling targets.”
https://ec.europa.eu/info/news/commission-reviews-implementation-eu-waste-rules-proposes-actions-help-14-member-states-meet-recycling-targets-2018-sep-24_en. Acc.
07.05.19.
European Commission. “Press-release.”
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-15-6203_da.htm. Acc. 02.05.19.
European Commission. 2019. “Accelerating the Transition to Circular Economy – improving access to finance for circular economy projects.” Research and Innovation.
https://ec.europa.eu/info/publications/accelerating-transition-circular-economy_en. Acc. ??.
Eurostat - Statistics Explained. See: “Municipal waste statistics.”
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Municipal_waste_statistics.
Acc. 21.04.19.
“Exposing Australia’s recycling lie,” YouTube video, 18:10, posted by “60 Minutes, Australia,” 15th April, 2019, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqrlEsPoyJk&t=960s. Acc. 10.05.19.
Faraca, Giorgia, Veronica Martinez-Sanchez and Thomas F. Astrup. 2019. “Environmental life cycle cost assessment: Recycling of hard plastic waste collected at Danish recycling centres.”
Resources, Conservation & Recycling. Vol. 143: 299-309.
Forsyning Helsingør. ”Sådan sorterer du.” https://www.fh.dk/privat/affald/saadan-sorterer-du.
Acc. 08.03.19.
Forsyning Helsingør. “Nyt indsamlingssystem for husholdningsaffald starter næste forår.”
https://www.fh.dk/nyheder/nyt-indsamlingssystem-for-husholdningsaffald-starter-naeste-foraar. Acc. 11.05.19.
Page 88 of 93 Forsyning Helsingør. “Nyt indsamlingssystem for husholdningsaffald starter næste forår.”
https://www.fh.dk/nyheder/nyt-indsamlingssystem-for-husholdningsaffald-starter-naeste-foraar. Acc. 11.05.19.
Francis, Raju, Geethy P. Gopalan and Anjaly Sivadas. 2016. “Introduction.” In Recycling of Polymers: Methods, Characterization and Applications, ed. Raju Francis, 1-10. Weinheim, Germany: John Wiley & Sons.
Ghisellini, Patrizia, Catia Cialani and Sergio Ulgiati. 2016. “A review on circular economy: the expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems.” Journal of Cleaner Production. Vol. 114: 11-32.
Giacovelli, Claudia. 2018. SINGLE-USE PLASTICS: A Roadmap for Sustainability. United Nations Environment Programme. http://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/resource/single-use-plastics-roadmap-sustainability. Acc. 18.02.19.
Gradus, Raymond H.J.M., Paul H.L. Nillesen and Elbert Dijkgraaf. 2017. ”A Cost-effectiveness Analysis for Incineration or Recycling of Dutch Household Plastic Waste.” Ecological Economics. Vol. 135: 22-28.
Guide Jr., V.D.R. and Luk. N. Van Wassenhove. 2002. ”The Reverse Supply Chain.” Harvard Business Review. February: 25-26.
Halldórsson, Arni, Herbert Kotzab and Tage Skjøtt-Larsen. 2009. “Supply chain management on the crossroad to sustainability: a blessing or a curse?” Logistics Research, Vol. 1 (2): 83-94.
Hsuan, Juliana, et al. 2015. ”Managing The Global Supply Chain.” CBS Press. 4th edition. 11-389.
Khan, Farhana, Waqar Ahmed and Arsalan Najmi. 2019. ”Understanding consumers’ behavior intentions towards dealing with the plastic waste: Perspective of a developing country.”
Resources, Conservation & Recycling. Vol. 142: 49-58.
Page 89 of 93 Kirchherr, Julian, Denise Reike and Marko Hekkert. 2017. “Conceptualizing the circular economy:
An analysis of 114 definitions.” Resources, Conservation & Recycling. Vol. 127: 221-232.
KL - Local Government Denmark. NUDGING FOR ØGET AFFALDSSORTERING – en guide til miljømedarbejdere. https://genanvend.mst.dk/media/160754/nudging-en-guide-til-miljoemedarbejdere.pdf. Acc. 14.05.
Korhonen, Jouni, Antero Honkasalo and Jyri Seppälä. 2018. ”Circular Economy: The Concept and its Limitations.” Ecological Economics. Vol. 143: 37-46.
Landbrug & Fødevarer. “Udvidet producentansvar for emballage er på vej.”
https://lf.dk/for-medlemmer/lf-business/2019/2-19/udvidet-producentansvar-for-emballage-er-paa-vej. Acc. 07.03.19.
Landbrug & Fødevarer. “Udvidet producentansvar for emballage er på vej.”
https://lf.dk/for-medlemmer/lf-business/2019/2-19/udvidet-producentansvar-for-emballage-er-paa-vej. Acc. 07.03.19.
McDonough, William and Braungart, Michael 2008. Cradle to Cradle – Remaking the Way We Make Things. London: Vintage Books.
Merrild, Hanna, et al. 2012. “Assessing recycling versus incineration of key materials in municipal waste: The importance of efficient energy recovery and transport distances.” Waste
Management, Vol. 32 (5): 1009-1018. Acc. 17.03.19.
Moltesen, Andreas and Anders Bjørn. 2018. “Life Cycle Assessment.” Springer International Publishing AG: 43-54.
Miljø- og Fødevareministeriet. “Basisfaktaark om plastaffald.”
https://genanvend.mst.dk/media/191142/basisfaktaark-om-plastaffald.pdf. Acc. 03.01.19.
Page 90 of 93 Miljø- og Fødevareministeriet. 2019. Nabotjek vedrørende udvidet producentansvar for emballage
og emballageaffald. Miljøstyrelsen.
https://www2.mst.dk/Udgiv/publikationer/2019/01/978-87-7038-030-0.pdf. Acc. 17.02.19.
Miljø- og Fødevareministeriet. 2018. “Der kommer pant på juice- og saftflasker.”
https://mfvm.dk/nyheder/nyhed/nyhed/der-kommer-pant-paa-juice-og-saftflasker/. Acc.
16.04.19.
Miljø- og Fødevareministeriet. 2019. “Ny national affaldsplan skal sikre mere og bedre
genanvendelse.” https://mfvm.dk/nyheder/faglig-info/nyhed/ny-national-affaldsplan-skal-sikre-mere-og-bedre-genanvendelse/. Acc. 08.05.19.
Miljøstyrelsen. “Waste Statistics 2016.” 22.
https://mst.dk/service/publikationer/publikationsarkiv/2018/sep/affaldsstatistik-2016/. Acc.
06.05.19.
National Geographic. “Whale dies 88 pounds plastic Philippines.”
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/03/whale-dies-88-pounds-plastic-philippines/ and in Norway https://www.uib.no/en/universitymuseum/104913/scientists-found-30-plastic-bags-whales-stomach. Acc. 05.05.19.
Nidumolu, Ram, C.K. Prahalad and M.R. Rangaswami. 2009. “Why Sustainability is Now The Key Driver of Innovation.” Harvard Business Review. Vol. September: 57-64.
Norfors. “Hvem er Norfors?”
http://www.norfors.dk/da-DK/Norfors/Om-Norfors/Hvem-er-Norfors.aspx. Acc. 08.03.19.
NREL. “Ecoinvent.”
https://www.nrel.gov/lci/, https://www.ecoinvent.org/database/ecoinvent-35/ecoinvent-35.html. Acc. 24.04.19.
Official Journal of the European Union. DIRECTIVE 2008/98/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNSIL of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives. EU
Page 91 of 93 Waste Framework Directive, Article 11(2) 19TH November 2008. D.
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32008L0098&from=EN. Acc. 29.04.19.
Regeringen. 2013. ”Danmark uden affald. Genanvend mere – forbrænd mindre.”
https://www.regeringen.dk/tidligere-publikationer/danmark-uden-affald-genanvend-mere-forbraend-mindre/. Acc. 24.01.19.
Rethink Plastic. “Campaign.” https://rethinkplasticalliance.eu/campaign/. Acc. 10.02.19.
Revel, Messika, Amélie Châtel and Catherine Mouneyrac. 2018. “Micro(nano)plastics: A threat to human health?” Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health. Vol. 1: 17-23.
Rogers, Dale S. and Ronald Tibben-Lembke. 2001. “AN EXAMINATION OF REVERSE LOGISTICS PRACTICES.” JOURNAL OF BUSINESS LOGISTICS. Vol. 22, No. 2: 129-148.
Rosling, Hans, Ola Rosling and Anna Rosling Rönnlund. 2018. Factfulness.
København: Lindhardt og Ringhof.
Sankar, Sivasankarapillai Vishnu and Sivasankarapillai Anil Kumar. 2016. “Common Additives used in Recycling of Polymers.” In Recycling of Polymers: Methods, Characterization and
Applications, ed. Raju Francis, 11-53. Weinheim, Germany: John Wiley & Sons.
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/kbhnhh-ebooks/detail.action?docID=4714031.
Saunders, Mark N.K., Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill. 2016. Research Methods for Business Students. 7th edition. Harlow, UK: Pearson Education.
Sky News, 2018. “Dirty Business: what really happens to your recycling.”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oRQLilXLAIU. Acc. 06.05.19.
Smart Cities World. “News.”
https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/news/news/philips-light-as-a-service-offering-1137. Acc.
27.04.19
Page 92 of 93 Ström, Håkan, E-mail from, Pressansvarig, at Förpacknings – och tidningsinsamlingen (FTI), 18th
Februar 2019. Enclosed as: Appendix 6. E-mail correspondence.
“The Third Industrial Revolution: A Radical New Sharing Economy,” YouTube video, 1:44:58, posted by “VICE,” 13TH February, 2018,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QX3M8Ka9vUA&t=1452s. Acc. 04.04.19.
Thøgersen, John. 1994. “A model of recycling behaviour, with evidence from Danish source separation programmes” International Journal of Research in Marketing. Vol. 11: 145-163.
TV 2 Lorry. 2019. “Pantstation får ny teknologi.”
https://www.tv2lorry.dk/nyheder/22-04-2019/1930/pantstation-far-ny-teknologi?autoplay=1#player. Acc. 22.04.19.
TV2 Nyhederne. “Millioner af batterier bliver aldrig genanvendt – forening foreslår pantordning.”
http://nyheder.tv2.dk/samfund/2019-04-28-millioner-af-batterier-bliver-aldrig-genanvendt-forening-foreslaar-pantordning. Acc. 29.04.19.
TV2 Nyhederne. “Millioner af batterier bliver aldrig genanvendt – forening foreslår pantordning.”
http://nyheder.tv2.dk/samfund/2019-04-28-millioner-af-batterier-bliver-aldrig-genanvendt-forening-foreslaar-pantordning. Acc. 29.04.19.
United Nations. “About the Sustainable Development Goals.”
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/. Acc. 15.04.19.
United Nations. “World population prospects.”
https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/world-population-prospects-2017.html. Acc. 11.04.19.
UN Environment. “Champions of the earth - Afroz Shah.”
http://web.unep.org/championsofearth/laureates/2016/afroz-shah. Acc. 21.04.19.