Facebook (FB)

Activity 21^st century skills Level of Bloom

Taxonomy Description

4. Digital portfolio

✔ Initiative and self-direction

✔ Critical thinking and problem solving

✔ Create

✔ Evaluate Analyse

The digital portfolios can be used to display students’ best work and their digital resume. The good work of other students may inspire, encourage, and build enthusiasm in learning among students. They need to be self-initiative and self-directed to produce good work.

Beside this, students learn the creativity and innovation skills of others. This will promote competitions among students to deliver good work and hence improve their critical thinking and problem-solving skills which are at the highest level of Bloom Taxonomy.

✔ Information and communication

technologies (ICT) literacy

✔ Productivity and accountability

✔

✔ Create

✔

To create a digital portfolio, students need ICT skills, productivity, and accountability skills to produce a good work.

5. Conduct test / quiz

✔ Initiative and self-direction

✔ Critical thinking and problem solving

✔

✔ Create

✔ Evaluate

✔ Analyse

✔ Apply

✔ Understand

✔ Remember

Preparing for tests or quiz trains students to have their own initiative and self-direction skills to access their own learning. The test and quiz questions are set according to different levels of the Bloom taxonomy. Students need to have higher order thinking skills to score high in the test / quiz.

6. Conductpolls

✔ Creativity and innovation

✔ ICT literacy

✔ Create Educators and students can obtain views from each other by posting surveys, questions, or polls. The application is available in most of the social media platforms. Students need creative and innovative skills together with their ICT skills to design the polls. By doing this, they will be at the created level of Bloom taxonomy.

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work, communication and network among students or between students and educators. Besides these, FB also can be used for self-managed learning where students can submit their assignments. Subjects which are abstract are also suitable to be conducted on FB.

The 21^stcentury skills are embedded when teacher and learning is carried out via FB platform. For example, in completing the group assignment given in the FB platform, students need to discuss, communicate and come to an agreement of their innovative ideas for their assignment. The process promotes learning and innovation skills, and career and life skills. When they look for the online resources for their assignment, digital literacy skills will be promoted. Beside this, the process of joining the group’s members' ideas in a piece of good work needs students' criticalthinking, which is the higher order thinking skill in Bloom’s taxonomy.

Figure 5 shows the FB interface for teaching mathematics and statistics courses in core subject knowledge. First, a closed group is created to ensure privacy issues of the course content and discussions. To carry out the task, a selected group member or a volunteer can be assigned the task. This process promotes leadership and responsibility skills. The skill needed to create the close group is information and communication technologies (ICT) literacy.

Figure 5. Interface of Statistics and Mathematics learning groups

The most important part of teaching and learning is the course content. The course content can be shared in the feed in the FB. Educators may use live video ( ) to conduct a live lecture or live discussion. This feature allows educators to carry out a few hours of the online teaching or online discussion. On the other hand, pre-recorded video on the teaching can be prepared and uploaded at any time. The feature is useful for educators who are unable to carry out their task according to the timetable scheduled due to other commitments. Thus, the students do not have to miss the lecture. This feature also allows students who have initiative and self-direction skills learn at their own pace. To do this, in the new feed (Figure 6), the educator can write the message or instruction to students. Before posting the message, the educators may add the file by clicking on the button that matches the type of file that is going to be uploaded on the right ofthe “Add to your post” located at the bottom of the feed.

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work, communication and network among students or between students and educators. Besides these, FB also can be used for self-managed learning where students can submit their assignments. Subjects which are abstract are also suitable to be conducted on FB.

The 21^stcentury skills are embedded when teacher and learning is carried out via FB platform. For example, in completing the group assignment given in the FB platform, students need to discuss, communicate and come to an agreement of their innovative ideas for their assignment. The process promotes learning and innovation skills, and career and life skills. When they look for the online resources for their assignment, digital literacy skills will be promoted. Beside this, the process of joining the group’s members' ideas in a piece of good work needs students' criticalthinking, which is the higher order thinking skill in Bloom’s taxonomy.

Figure 5 shows the FB interface for teaching mathematics and statistics courses in core subject knowledge. First, a closed group is created to ensure privacy issues of the course content and discussions. To carry out the task, a selected group member or a volunteer can be assigned the task. This process promotes leadership and responsibility skills. The skill needed to create the close group is information and communication technologies (ICT) literacy.

Figure 5. Interface of Statistics and Mathematics learning groups

The most important part of teaching and learning is the course content. The course content can be shared in the feed in the FB. Educators may use live video ( ) to conduct a live lecture or live discussion. This feature allows educators to carry out a few hours of the online teaching or online discussion. On the other hand, pre-recorded video on the teaching can be prepared and uploaded at any time. The feature is useful for educators who are unable to carry out their task according to the timetable scheduled due to other commitments. Thus, the students do not have to miss the lecture. This feature also allows students who have initiative and self-direction skills learn at their own pace. To do this, in the new feed (Figure 6), the educator can write the message or instruction to students. Before posting the message, the educators may add the file by clicking on the button that matches the type of file that is going to be uploaded on the right ofthe “Add to your post” located at the bottom of the feed.

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Figure 6: New Feed in FB

Figure 7 shows the add on feature on FB. The feed is also a platform for discussion and sharing of resources. The group members may express their emotion on the post through emoji in “Like button” or give comment via

“Comment button”. This feature promotes communication, collaboration and all digital literacy skills. The group discussions among students therefore can result in an innovative product where they learn to be accountable. To achieve such a level, students need higher order thinking skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, creativity and innovative solutions. Working in a group needs flexibility and adaptability. From the group work activities, social and cross-cultural interactions skills will be developed since students are from different backgrounds and cultures.

Figure 7. Add on feature on Facebook

Thus, FB is a platform which can be used to obtain the core knowledge and the 21^stcentury skills for teaching and learning for the 21^stcentury students. The use of the teaching and learning features in FB promotes all 21^stlearning skills and instilsstudents’ higher order thinking skills which is in the highest level of Bloom taxonomy.

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