Adams, G. and Schvaneveldt, J. (1991). Understanding Research Methods (2nd edn).
New York: Longman.
Akben-Selcuk, E. (2016). Factors affecting firm competitiveness: Evidence from an emerging market. International Journal of Financial Studies, 4(2), 9.
Alvarez, S.A. and Barney, J.B. (2001). How entrepreneurial firms can benefit from alliances with large partners. Academy of Management Executive, Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 139-48.
Arinõ, A. and Doz, Y. (2000). Rescuing troubled alliances ... before it's too late. European Management Journal, Vol. 18 No. 2, pp. 173-82.
Armstrong, M. (2006). Competition in two-sided markets. The RAND Journal of Economics, 37(3), 668-691.
Audretsch, D. B., & Mahmood, T. (1995). New firm survival: new results using a hazard function. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 97-103.
Barney, J. 1991. Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management. 1991, Vol, No. 1, 99-120.
Baškarada, S. (2014). Qualitative Case Study Guidelines. The Qualitative Report, 19(40), 1-18.
Belleflamme, P., & Peitz, M. (2019). Platform competition: Who benefits from multihoming?. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 64, 1-26.
Belleflamme, P., & Toulemonde, E. (2004). Emergence and entry of B2B marketplaces.
CORE Discussion.
Berg, V., Birkeland, J., Nguyen-Duc, A., Pappas, I. O., & Jaccheri, L. (2020). Achieving agility and quality in product development-an empirical study of hardware startups.
Journal of Systems and Software.
Blonska, A., Storey, C., Rozemeijer, F., Wetzels, M., & de Ruyter, K. (2013).
Decomposing the effect of supplier development on relationship benefits: The role of relational capital. Industrial Marketing Management, 42(8), 1295-1306.
Bressler, M. S., & Von Bergen, C. W. (2016). When running second wins the race:
examining the benefits of second-mover advantage.
Briscoe, B., Odlyzko, A., & Tilly, B. (2006). Metcalfe's law is wrong-communications networks increase in value as they add members-but by how much?. IEEE Spectrum, 43(7), 34-39.
113 of 125 Burnham, T. A., Frels, J. K., & Mahajan, V. (2003). Consumer switching costs: a typology, antecedents, and consequences. Journal of the Academy of marketing Science, 31(2), 109-126.
Caillaud, B., & Jullien, B. (2001). Competing cybermediaries. European Economic Review, 45(4-6), 797-808.
Caillaud, B., & Jullien, B. (2003). Chicken & egg: Competition among intermediation service providers. RAND journal of Economics, 34 (29), 309-328.
Campbell, J. L., Quincy, C., Osserman, J., & Pedersen, O. K. (2013). Coding in-depth semistructured interviews: Problems of unitization and intercoder reliability and agreement. Sociological Methods & Research, 42(3), 294-320.
Carroll, G. R., & Hannan, M. T. (2000). Why corporate demography matters: Policy implications of organizational diversity. California Management Review, 42(3), 148-163.
Chandy, R. K., & Tellis, G. J. (1998). Organizing for radical product innovation: The overlooked role of willingness to cannibalize. Journal of marketing research, 35(4), 474-487.
Chandy, R. K., & Tellis, G. J. (2000). The incumbent's curse? Incumbency, size, and radical product innovation. Journal of marketing, 64(3), 1-17.
Chesbrough, H. (2006b). Open business models: How to thrive in the new innovation landscape. Harvard Business Press.
Chesbrough, H. W. (2006a). The era of open innovation. Managing innovation and change, 127(3), 34-41.
Chesbrough, H., Vanhaverbeke, W. and West. J. (2006). Open Innovation: Researching A New Paradigm. Oxford University Press.
Chesbrough, H., Vanhaverbeke, W., & West, J. (Eds.). (2014). New frontiers in open innovation. Oup Oxford.
Choi, J. P. (2010). Tying in two-sided markets with multi-homing. The Journal of Industrial Economics, 58(3), 607-626.
Christensen, C. M. (2013). The innovator's dilemma: when new technologies cause great firms to fail. Harvard Business Review Press.
Christensen, C. M., & Overdorf, M. (2000). Meeting the challenge of disruptive change.
Harvard business review, 78(2), 66-77.
Cohen, W. M., & Levin, R. C. (1989). Empirical studies of innovation and market structure. Handbook of industrial organization, 2, 1059-1107.
Contractor, F. J., & Lorange, P. (2002). The growth of alliances in the knowledge-based economy. International Business Review, 11(4), 485-502.
114 of 125 Dale, A., Arber, S. & Proctor, M. (1988). Doing Secondary Analysis. London: Unwin
Hyman.
Doblinger, C., Surana, K., & Anadon, L. D. (2019). Governments as partners: The role of alliances in US cleantech startup innovation. Research Policy, 48(6), 1458-1475.
Doganoglu, T., & Wright, J. (2006). Multihoming and compatibility. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 24(1), 45-67.
Dou, G., He, P., & Xu, X. (2016). One-side value-added service investment and pricing strategies for a two-sided platform. International Journal of Production Research, 54(13), 3808-3821.
Easton, G. (2010). Critical realism in case study research. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(1), 118-128.
Echambadi, R., Bayus, B. L., & Agarwal, R. (2008). Entry timing and the survival of startup and incumbent firms in new industries. Working paper, University of Illinois, Champaign.
Economides, N., & Katsamakas, E. (2006). Two-sided competition of proprietary vs.
open source technology platforms and the implications for the software industry.
Management science, 52(7), 1057-1071.
Economides, N., & Tåg, J. (2012). Network neutrality on the Internet: A two-sided market analysis. Information Economics and Policy, 24(2), 91-104.
Edelman, B. (2015). How to launch your digital platform. Harvard Business Review 93(4), 90–97.
Eisenmann, T. R. (2008). Managing proprietary and shared platforms. California Management Review, 50(4), 31-53.
Eisenmann, T. R., & Hagiu, A. (2007). Staging two-sided platforms. Harvard Business School Background Note 9-808-004.
Eisenmann, T. R., Parker, G., & Van Alstyne, M. (2009). Opening platforms: how, when and why?. Platforms, markets and innovation, 6, 131-162.
Eisenmann, T., Parker, G., & Van Alstyne, M. W. (2006). Strategies for two-sided markets. Harvard business review, 84(10), 92.
Ellis, R. J., & Taylor, N. T. (1987). Specifying entrepreneurship. Frontiers of entrepreneurship research, 527-541.
Ensley, M. D., Hmieleski, K. M., & Pearce, C. L. (2006). The importance of vertical and shared leadership within new venture top management teams: Implications for the performance of startups. The leadership quarterly, 17(3), 217-231.
Evans, D. S. (2003). Some empirical aspects of multi-sided platform industries. Review of Network Economics, 2(3).
115 of 125 Evans, D. S., (2011). Platform economics: Essays on multi-sided businesses. Competition
Policy International.
Evans, D. S., & Schmalensee, R. (2010). Failure to launch: Critical mass in platform businesses. Review of Network Economics, 9(4).
Evans, D. S., Hagiu, A., Schmalensee, R., (2008). Invisible engines: how software platforms drive innovation and transform industries. MIT press.
Fierro, J. J. C., & Pérez, L. (2018). Value creation and appropriation in asymmetric alliances: the case of tech startups. Management, 21(1), 534-573.
Filistrucchi, L., Geradin, D., & Van Damme, E. (2013). Identifying two-sided markets.
World competition, 36, 33.
Filistrucchi, L., Geradin, D., Damme, E. V., Keunen, S., Wileur, J., Klein, T. J., &
Michielsen, T. O. (2010). Mergers in two-sided markets-A report to the NMa.
Flyvbjerg, B. (2006). Five Misunderstandings About Case-Study Research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2), 219-245.
Gabszewicz, J. J., & Wauthy, X. (2004). Two-sided markets and price competition with multi-homing. Available at SSRN 975897.
Golder, P., & Tellis, G. J. (2002). Will and vision: How latecomers grow to dominate markets. New York, NY. McGraw-Hill.
Gómez, J., & Maícas, J. P. (2011). Do switching costs mediate the relationship between entry timing and performance?. Strategic Management Journal, 32(12), 1251-1269.
Gulshan, S. S. (2011). Innovation Management: Reaping the benefits of Open Platforms by assimilating internal and external innovations. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 25, 46-53.
Hagedoorn, J., & Schakenraad, J. (1992). Leading companies and networks of strategic alliances in information technologies. Research Policy, 21(2), 163-190.
Hagiu, A. (2006). Pricing and commitment by two-sided platforms. The RAND Journal of Economics, 37(3), 720-737.
Hagiu, A. (2007). Merchant or two-sided platform?. Review of Network Economics, 6(2), 115-133
Hagiu, A., & Altman, E. J. (2017). Finding the platform in your product. Harvard Business Review, 95(4), 94-100.
Hagiu, A., & Wright, J. (2015). Multi-sided platforms. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 43, 162-174.
Harzing, A.-W. & Feely, A.J. (2007). The language barrier and its implications for HQ-subsidiary relationships. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 15(1), 49-61.
116 of 125 Helfat, C. E., & Lieberman, M. B. (2002). The birth of capabilities: market entry and the
importance of pre-history. Industrial and corporate change, 11(4), 725-760.
Hendler, J., & Golbeck, J. (2008). Metcalfe's law, Web 2.0, and the Semantic Web.
Journal of Web Semantics, 6(1), 14-20.
Hidding, G. J., Williams, J., & Sviokla, J. J. (2011). How platform leaders win. Journal of Business Strategy, 32(2), 29-37.
Hock, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2010). Local strategic networks in the software industry: an empirical analysis of the value continuum. International Journal of Knowledge Management Studies, 4(2), 132.
Hoddy, E. (2019). Critical realism in empirical research: employing techniques from grounded theory methodology. International Journal Of Social Research Methodology, 22(1), 111-124.
Hox, J. J., & Boeije, H. R. (2005). Data collection, primary versus secondary.
Hyytinen, A., Pajarinen, M., & Rouvinen, P. (2015). Does innovativeness reduce startup survival rates?. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(4), 564-581.
Inkpen, A. C. (2005). Strategic alliances. The Blackwell handbook of strategic management, 403-427.
Jansen, S., Cusumano, M. A., & Brinkkemper, S. (Eds.). (2013). Software ecosystems:
analyzing and managing business networks in the software industry. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Johnson, P. & Clark, M. (2006). 'Mapping the terrain: an overview of business and management research methodologies', in P. Johnson and M. Clark. (eds) Business and Management Research Methodologies. London: Sage.
Jullien, B. (2005). Two-sided markets and electronic intermediaries. CESifo Economic Studies, 51(2-3), 233-260.
Klepper, S. (1997). Industry life cycles. Industrial and corporate change, 6(1), 145-182.
Klepper, S. (2002). Firm survival and the evolution of oligopoly. RAND journal of Economics, 33(1), 37-61.
Knoben, J., & Bakker, R. M. (2019). The guppy and the whale: Relational pluralism and startups' expropriation dilemma in partnership formation. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(1), 103-121.
Kohler, T. (2016). Corporate accelerators: Building bridges between corporations and startups. Business Horizons, 59(3), 347-357.
Lahiri, A., Dewan, R. M., & Freimer, M. (2010). The disruptive effect of open platforms on markets for wireless services. Journal of management information systems, 27(3), 81-110.
117 of 125 Leijon, E., Svenheden, J., & Svahn, F. (2017). Platform thinking in incumbent firms: from concept to capability. In: 50th Hawaii international conference on system sciences, Honolulu. IEEE, S 4766-4775.
Leonard-Barton, D. (1992). Core capabilities and core rigidities: A paradox in managing new product development. Strategic management journal, 13(S1), 111-125.
Lieberman, M. B., & Montgomery, D. B. (1998). First-mover (dis) advantages:
retrospective and link with the resource-based view. Strategic management journal, 19(12), 1111-1125.
Markides, C. C., & Geroski, P. A. (2004). Fast second: How smart companies bypass radical innovation to enter and dominate new markets (325). John Wiley & Sons.
McNaughton, R. B. (2001). Strategic alliances in the software industry. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 1(3-4), 444-462.
Minshall, T., Mortara, L., Valli, R. and Probert, D. 2010. Making "Asymmetric"
Partnerships Work. Research-Technology Management, 53(3), 53-63.
Nguyen, H. (2017). Solving chicken and egg dilemma in online platform startup: value proposition in focus. Aalto University, 1-94.
Parker, G. G., & Van Alstyne, M. W. (2000). Internetwork externalities and free information goods. In Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, 107-116.
Parker, G. G., Van Alstyne, M. W., & Choudary, S. P. (2016). Platform Revolution: How Networked Markets Are Transforming the Economy? and How to Make Them Work for You. WW Norton & Company.
Parker, G., & Van Alstyne, M. W. (2014). Platform strategy. Palgrave Encyclopedia of Strategic Management, M. Augier and D. Teece (eds.), London: Palgrave MacMillan.
Pfeffer, J. and Salancik, G. R. (1978). The External Control of Organisations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. New York: Harper & Row.
Prashantham, S., & Birkinshaw, J. (2008). Dancing with gorillas: How small companies can partner effectively with MNCs. California management review, 51(1), 6-23.
Rask, M., & Kragh, H. (2004). Motives for e-marketplace participation: differences and similarities between buyers and suppliers. Electronic Markets, 14(4), 270-283.
Ries, E. (2011). The lean startup: How today's entrepreneurs use continuous innovation to create radically successful businesses. Crown Business.
Rochet, J. C., & Tirole, J. (2003). Platform competition in two-sided markets. Journal of the european economic association, 1(4), 990-1029.
Rochet, J. C., & Tirole, J. (2006). Two-sided markets: a progress report. The RAND journal of economics, 37(3), 645-667.
118 of 125 Roessler, M., & Velamuri, V. K. (2015). Corporate Incubation as a Tool to Foster Business Model Innovation. In ISPIM Conference Proceedings (p. 1). The International Society for Professional Innovation Management (ISPIM).
Rothaermel, F. T. (2001). Complementary assets, strategic alliances, and the incumbent's advantage: an empirical study of industry and firm effects in the biopharmaceutical industry. Research Policy, 30 (8), 1235–1251.
Rysman, M. (2009). The economics of two-sided markets. Journal of economic perspectives, 23(3), 125-43.
Salminen, J. (2014). Startup dilemmas-Strategic problems of early-stage platforms on the internet.
Sanchez-Cartas, J. M., & Leon, G. (2019). Multi-sided platforms and markets: a literature review.
Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students.
Essex. Financial Times/Prentice Hall.
Schilling, M. A. (2003). Technological leapfrogging: Lessons from the US video game console industry. California management review, 45(3), 6-32.
Scott, M. and Bruce, R. (1987). Five stages of growth in small business. Long Range Planning, 20(3), 45-52.
Siggelkow, N. (2007). Persuasion with case studies. Academy of management journal, 50(1), 20-24.
Smith, M. E., Thorpe, R., & Jackson, P. R. (2008). Management research. London: Sage.
Sosa, M. (2006), Decoupling Market Incumbency from Organizational Experience: A Study of Biotechnology's Impact on the Market of Anti-Cancer Drugs, PhD thesis, Cambridge, MA: MIT.
Stake, R. (2000). In Denzin, NK & Y. Lincoln. Handbook of qualitative research, 2 nd EI, 435-454.
Stinchcombe, A. L. (1965). Social structure and organizations. Handbook of organizations, 7, 142-193.
Stummer, C., Kundisch, D., & Decker, R. (2018). Platform launch strategies. Business &
Information Systems Engineering, 60(2), 167-173.
Tåg, J. (2008). Open versus closed platforms. Helsinki Center of Economic Research.
Discussion Paper No.29.
Teece, D. J. (1987). Technological change and the nature of the firm. Produced and distributed by Center for Research in Management, University of California, Berkeley Business School.
Teece, D. J. (1992). Competition, co-operation, and innovation. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organisation, 18(1), 1–25.
119 of 125 Tiwana, A., Konsynski, B., & Bush, A. A. (2010). Research commentary—Platform evolution: Coevolution of platform architecture, governance, and environmental dynamics. Information systems research, 21(4), 675-687.
Von Hippel, E. (2005). Democratizing innovation: The evolving phenomenon of user innovation. Journal für Betriebswirtschaft, 55(1), 63-78.
Weiblen, T., & Chesbrough, H. W. (2015). Engaging with startups to enhance corporate innovation. California management review, 57(2), 66-90.
West, J. (2003). How open is open enough?: Melding proprietary and open source platform strategies. Research policy, 32(7), 1259-1285.
Williamson, O. E. 1991. Comparative economic organisation: the analysis of discrete structural alternatives. Administrative Science Quarterly, 36, 269–96.
Yin, R.K. (2003) Case Study Research: Design and Method (3rd edn). London: Sage.
Yoon, E. and Hughes, S. (2016). Big Companies Should Collaborate with Startups.
Harward Business Review.