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(1)

Design and monitoring of a solar bi t i B iji

combisystem in Beijing

Beijing Solar Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd.

National Engineering Research Center for Renewable Energy

(2)

Contents

1. Background

2. Solar space heating system by BSERI

3 S t th l f it i

3. System thermal performance monitoring 4. Other combisystems in Beijing

4. Other combisystems in Beijing

(3)

Project background oject bac g ou d

In 2004, Beijing government implement a new rural construction projects. The demonstration use the solar construction projects. The demonstration use the solar space heating technology combined with the biomass to solve the energy demand of space heating and domestic solve the energy demand of space heating and domestic hot water.

By Apr.2008, 975 solar combisystem were built in By Apr.2008, 975 solar combisystem were built in

Beijing, the installed collector area was around 22427.5 m 2 , solar space heating area was around 170 thousand m , solar space heating area was around 170 thousand m 2 . By now, around 300 thousand m 2 buildings use heat from solar energy.

from solar energy.

(4)

Layout of a solar combisystem b BSERI

by BSERI

(5)

System Layout y y

Location Location

Guajiayu Village, Pinggu, Beijing

Latitude 40 26 ° Longitude 117 11 ° Latitude 40.26 , Longitude 117.11 Building

Building type Two-story villa Building type Two-story villa

Year built 2005 Number of buildings 146 Number of buildings 146

Living area 172~207 ㎡ Orientation south

Orientation south

Insulation 80mm Polystyrene board U-values of wall 0 38 W/m2•K

U values of wall 0.38 W/m2 K

U-values of window 0.42 W/m2•K

(6)

Solar heating system g y

Solar collector Flat plate collector Collector area 28m 2 (gross collector area)

Collector area 28m 2 (gross collector area)

Orientation/tilt angle South / 30 °

Space heating storage tank 700 liters (open tank)

Domestic hot water storage tank 200 liters g (close tank)

Auxiliary heater Biomass boiler

Solar collector loop control Temperature difference

Solar collector loop control Temperature difference

Overheating/Antifreeze protection Drain back technology

Rome heating system heating floor

(7)

Schematic design of the system g y

(8)

Test of a solar combisystem y

(9)

Test of a solar combisystem y

(10)

Test of a solar combisystem

I d i f fl li i

y

Indoor air temperature of floor living room

Average room air temperature air temperature in the heating

season

18.1Ԩ

(11)

Test of a solar combisystem y

Indoor air temperature of the south room on the second floor

Average room air temperature

in the heating season

15.9Ԩ

(12)

Combisystem thermal performance y p

Heating load kWh

DWH load kWh

Solar heat gain kWh

Solar friction

% Nov.15~30,

2007 775.0 46.0 703.3 85.7

Dec. 2007 3338.0 39.2 1107.1 32.8

Jan. 2008 3531.9 56.1 829.1 23.1

Feb. 2008 2581.4 78.6 1244.4 46.8

Mar.1~15,

2008 762.8 92.6 826.0 96.6

2008

Total 10989.1 312.5 4709.9 41.7

(13)

Combisystem thermal performance y p

Time Heat gain

(kWh)

Global irradiation (kWh)

Solar loop efficiency(%)

Dec. 2007 1107.10 2394.10 46.24

J 2008 829 10 2478 21 33 46

Jan. 2008 829.10 2478.21 33.46

Feb 2008 1244 40 3335 65 37 31

Feb. 2008 1244.40 3335.65 37.31

Monthly DHW loads y

Month Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Load

(kWh) 46.0 39.2 56.1 78.6 92.6 52.5 67.1 58.2

(14)

Summary y

 Solar heating system can meet need of room heating g y g comfort

 Solar friction of the monitoring system is 41 7%

 Solar friction of the monitoring system is 41.7%

 Monthly solar loop efficiencies are 33.5~46.2% y p

 In Beijing countryside, household DHW load is vary low,

about 2 kWh / day daily water consumption is about 60L

about 2 kWh / day , daily water consumption is about 60L

(15)

Layout of a solar combisystem b BSERI

by BSERI

C ll t th Collectors on the

south wall

C

Collectors on the

roof

(16)

Layout of a solar combisystem b BSERI

by BSERI

Integrating collectors into the facade

(17)

Other combisystem in Beijing Other combisystem in Beijing

Jianjinguan Village, Pinggu district, Beijing

(18)

Other combisystem in Beijing y j g

Location

Jianjinguan Village, Pinggu, Beijing Building

Building type Two-story villa Year built 2004

Living area 180㎡ Number of buildings 87 Orientation south

Wall insulation 80mm Polystyrene Roof insulation 80mm Polystyrene Solar collector Flat plate collector Collector area 22m2

Orientation/tilt angle South / 30°

Space heating storage tank 250 liters (open tank) Domestic hot water storage tank 500 liters (close tank) Auxiliary heater Biomass boiler Solar collector loop control Temp. difference Overheating protection Stop solar pump Antifreeze protection Antifreeze solutionp Rome heating system Heating floor

(19)

Other combisystem in Beijing y j g

Yingtaogou Village, Mentougou district, Beijing

(20)

Other combisystem in Beijing y j g

Location

Yingtaogou Village, Mentougou, Beijing Building

Building type Two-story villa Year built 2006

Living area 200㎡ Number of buildings 80 Orientation south

Insulation 50mm mineral wool Solar collector Vacuum tube Collector area 40m2 Orientation/tilt angle South / 28°

Space heating storage tank 150 liters (open tank) Domestic hot water Coil heat exchanger Auxiliary heater Electric boiler Solar collector loop control Temp. difference Overheating Cover collector Antifreeze protection Hot water circulation Rome heating system heating floorg y g

(21)

Other combisystem in Beijing y j g

Tapingzhuang Village, Pinggu district, Beijing

(22)

Other combisystem in Beijing y j g

Location

Tapingzhuang Village, Pinggu, Beijing Building

Building type one-storey house Year built 2007

Living area 111㎡ Number of buildings 69 Orientation south

Wall insulation 80mm Polystyrene Roof insulation 80mm Polystyrene Solar collector Flat plate collector Collector area 14.4m2

Orientation/tilt angle South / 55°

Space heating storage tank 200 liters (open tank) Domestic hot water storage tank 100 liters (close tank) Auxiliary heater Biomass boiler Solar collector loop control Temp. difference Overheating protection Drain back technology Antifreeze protection Drain back technologyp gy Rome heating system Heating floor

(23)

Other combisystem in Beijing y j g

B lit i Vill Pi di t i t B iji

Bolitai Village, Pinggu district, Beijing

(24)

Other combisystem in Beijing y j g

Location

Bolitai Village, Pinggu, Beijing Buildingg

Building type Two-story villa Year built 2004

Living area 158㎡

Number of buildings 68u be o bu d gs 68 Orientation south

Insulation 80mm Polystyrene Solar collector Vacuum tube Collector area 20m2 Collector area 20m

Orientation/tilt angle South / 28°

Space heating storage tank 100 liters (open tank) Domestic hot water 500 liters (open tank) Auxiliary heater Coal boiler

Auxiliary heater Coal boiler Solar collector loop control Temp. difference Rome heating system Heating floor

(25)

The barriers & problems p

Solar space heating is more expensive than the conventional alternative

Little hot-water demand reduce investment income

Wrong orientation and tilt, the roof tilt often is about 30 Wrong orientation and tilt, the roof tilt often is about 30 °

Serious overheating for the evacuated tubular collectors

Overheating degrades the collector and components, high temperatures and stretching can cause leaks in joints

Too large flow and/or wrong connector location destroy tank stratification

Bad design of drainback loop lead to frost crack failure

(26)

Th k

Thanks

Referencer

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