Mikrobiel korrosion af vandberørte overflader – teori møder praksis

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Danish University Colleges

Mikrobiel korrosion af vandberørte overflader – teori møder praksis

Skovhus, Torben Lund

Publication date:

2020

Document Version

Også kaldet Forlagets PDF Link to publication

Citation for pulished version (APA):

Skovhus, T. L. (2020). Mikrobiel korrosion af vandberørte overflader – teori møder praksis. Paper præsenteret ved ATV-SEMAPP Temadag om Korrosion og materialer i vandsystemer, Horsens, Danmark. https://atv- semapp.dk/korrosion-og-materialer-i-vandsystemer/

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Mikrobiel korrosion af vandberørte

overflader – teori møder praksis

Dr Torben Lund Skovhus Docent & Project Manager

VIA University College, Denmark

Early microbiologists looking at MIC

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26. februar 2020 2

@Torben_Skovhus

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26. februar 2020 3

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Agenda

 Teori om biofilmdannelse og mikrobiel korrosion

 Kort om bekæmpelse af mikrobiel korrosion

 Root Cause Analysis med mikrobiel korrosion

 C1 – Otter Oil Multiphase Pipeline, North Sea UK

 C2 – Siri Water Injection Pipeline, North Sea DK

 Spørgsmål

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ved at markere ordet(ene)

Types of MIC in industry

The Halfdan Field, Denmark (private photo)

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Sewers

6

– concret

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2015.03.007

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Drinking water systems

26. februar 2020 7

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00045

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Fire sprinkler systems

Hanna Parow , MSc student at NTNU Spring 2018

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Oil & Gas

Current research project:

https://bio.ucalgary.ca/microbial-corrosion/

Skovhus et al. (2017)

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Source: Petroleum Microbiology

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Similarities?

– What does these industry systems have in common?

– What will stimulate MIC?

• water

• surfaces

• nutrients

• e-acceptors

• opt. temp.

• opt. flow

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Historical Evolution of MIC Research

Source: Hashemi, Bak, Khan, Hawboldt, Lefsrud, Wolodko (2018) CORROSION, v.74, n.4

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Adhesion Colonization Growth Climax Entrainment Flow

Free energy in the

material

Planktonic

bacteria Phenotypic changes

Biofilm growth Commensalism Mutualism

Physical-chemical factors Nutrients

Hydrodynamic entrainment Grazing

1

2 3

4

5

6

Distribution of microorganisms in industrial systems

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METAL Water vs.

Biofilm Scale Slime

Corrosion Products Debris

Solids Deposits

METAL BIOFILM

BIOFILM LIQUID

LIQUID

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Distribution of microorganisms in industrial systems

Biofilm Oil-water interphase

Air-fluid interphase

Emulsion

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What actions can be taken to prevent MIC?

MATERIALS &

COATINGS CHEMICALS CLEANING

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Typical MIC Mitigation

Inhibitor and Biocide Injection Maintenance Pigging

Chemical Batch

Pigging

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Root Cause Analysis and two cases

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Background information – the failure analysis process

Inspectioneering Journal JULY | AUGUST 2019

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Overview of the failure analysis process

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Data to be collected for conducting MIC failure analysis

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Common Framework for Characterizing MIC

1. What physical conditions are present?

- Operations (temp, pres, flow); design (water holdup) 2. What chemical conditions are present?

- Liquids, solids, chemical treatment; energy sources 3. What corrosion products were formed?

- Composition reflect corrosion reactions

4. How does the material behave in this environment?

- Metallurgy; susceptibility

5. What are the microbiological characteristics of the biofilm?

- Differences in microbial distribution (numbers, types, functions) relative to corrosion

- Predominant, active species and/or functional groups of microorganisms present; what do they do?

Physical Conditions

Chemical Composition

Corrosion Products

Material Properties

Microbiology

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Field Case 1

Otter Crude Oil Production

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Case Study: Otter Crude Oil Production

Journal of Biotechnology 256 (2017) 31–45

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Case Study: Otter Crude Oil Production

Journal of Biotechnology 256 (2017) 31–45

Cut Out

60 C

45 C

Eider Alpha Platform Topside Process Flowchart

EIDER

OTTER

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Severe Isolated Corrosion

Cut-out from Eider Alpha Oil Coalescer Inlet

CS coupon exposed to Otter fluids for 558 days

• Crude oil topsides piping

• Installed in 2002

• Carbon steel

• CO

2

expected to be the main threat

• Corrosion inhibitor used

• No biocide

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Chemical Analysis and MPN Results

Chemical and corrosion results, from coupons and liquids

“Because bacterial

numbers determined using

the MPN method were low ,

it was originally believed

that no biocide treatment

was necessary.”

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qPCR Results, Sessile Samples

Solids collected from inner and outer layers of internal surface deposits on removable pipe spools and coupons subjected to qPCR for SRB, SRA,

methanogens and total bacteria.

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Results into MIC Framework

Low fluid flow rate (1 m/s), brine, deposits on surface

pH between 6–7, CO₂ corrosion models predicted 2.2 mm/yr, abundant carbon sources and electron acceptors in produced water, inhibitor used for CO₂ corrosion

Siderite FeCO₃, mackinawite FeS, quartz SiO₂, akageneite, lepidocrocide (Fe-oxyhydroxides)

Carbon steel, not coated

Low numbers of planktonic SRB, 1x10⁴ in pig solids by MPN High numbers of sessile SRB, SRA and methanogens in solid deposits

Physical Conditions

Chemical Composition

Corrosion Products

Material Properties

Microbiology

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Conclusions

 CO

₂

relevant where bare pipe surface exposed

 Low velocity in process piping, solid deposition

 Under deposits, biofilms with high SRB, SRA and methanogens were associated with corrosion

 MPN missed identifying the threat; qPCR worked

 Inhibitors had no effect on biofilms or corrosion under the deposits

 Biocide alone would likely not be a sufficient mitigation method

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Field Case 2

Subsea seawater injection pipeline

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 Oil produced to storage tank below production platform

 Offload of oil to tanker

 Siri main oil production platform

 Cecilie & Nini satellite platforms

 A 10” subsea water injection pipeline 32 km in length transports seawater from the offshore Siri oil production platform to the Nini platform

 Mixing of seawater and produced water

 In Q4 2007 a rupture of the pipeline occurred 2 km from the Siri platform at the 6 o’clock position

 Pipeline had been in service for 4 years

Subsea injection water pipeline from Siri to Nini

Siri production platform

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Oilfield Review

24, no. 2: 4–17

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Post Rupture Initiatives – Corrosion Management Perspective

 After rupture in 2007 major focus was on:

– Corrosion management in the organization – Corrosion monitoring programs

– Data interpretation

– Biocorrosion monitoring (DNA approach) – Chemistry performance (lab and field tests) – Educational aspect for offshore personnel – Evaluation of all mitigation programs

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European Workshop on Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion

26. februar 2020 37

– BAM i Berlin

– Den 19.-20. maj 2020

– To EU ansøgninger er målet for workshoppen

– COST Action og Industridrevet Træningsnetværk (INT)

– Begrænset antal pladser (<20

tilbage, tilmelding senest 4. maj)

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nacecorrosion.org | #CORROSION2017

Questions

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