Certification of

Certification of Sustainable

Buildings

Klaus Hansen

Energy & Environment SBi / AAU

Presentation

• Introduction

• Certification schemes

• Green Building Councils

• Test and choice of scheme for Denmark

• DGNB

• LCA

• InnoBYG on LCA for building materials

International and Danish efforts

EU

- Energy directive for buildings (EPBD)

- Thematic Strategy on the Urban Environment

- CEN-mandate on EPD’s and sustainable buildings

- Revised CPD (CPR) incl. environmental and resource issues - Green procurement for buildings

- Environmental labelling of buildings

Colaboration, harmonisation and standardisation

- GBT/SBT, LEnSE plus OPEN HOUSE and SuperBuildings

- WorldGBC, SB Alliance and Nordic contact - ISO and CEN/TC 350 on sustainable buildings Danish efforts

- “Miljørigtig projektering” and BEAT

- Classification of low energy buildings and swan labelling - Establishment of DK-GBC and choice of DGNB

CEN/TC 350 Sustainablity of Construction Works

Sustainability Indicators - ISO/TC 59/SC 17

The indicators conciders:

• Environmental aspects / e.g. climate change

• Economic aspects / e.g. life cycle costs & value

• Social aspects / e.g. health & comfort The indicators regards:

• Location / e.g. access to public transport

• Site / e.g. land use

• Building incl. life cycle / e.g. emissions of CO2 The indicators includes:

• Loadings and impacts / e.g. CO2 emissions

• Consequential indicators / e.g. access to public transport

Certification schemes

How to assess “sustainability”?

and how to translate sustainability to investors?

Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Thomas Lützkendorf

The incentive system

Bronze

Gold

Voluntary Incentive System

Building Performance Legal Regulations

Number of Buildings

Silver

Iceland

Four buildings are in

BREEAM certification process 5 BREEAM assessors

BRE in Iceland April 2009.

Nordic Green Building Councils

What is a GBC?

Green Building Council

• Non-profit organization representing

all the parties in the real estate and construction sector

• Mission: promotion of sustainable construction - and of the competitiveness on the area

• Tasks:

- represent the building and real estate sector in the area of sustainable development

- exchange of knowledge and information

- develop/adapt and operate certification schemes

- provide planning tools to implement sustainable buildings

Guidelines and principles established by the World Green Building Council

DK-GBC Board

Nikolaj Hertel NCC Property Development

Ida Garre Rambøll

Elly Kjems Hove Dansk Industri Christian Hartmann ATP Ejendomme,

Lars Holm Miljøforum Fyn

Mikael Koch Danske Ark

Elo Alsing Skanska Øresund

+ Søren Aggerholm SBi + Charlotte Micheelsen EBST

LEED, BREEAM, DGNB & HQE

tested on two Danish office buildings

• The systems include to a high degree criteria on the same issues

• Differences in the obtained points also depends on the systems ambitions and reference values

• The buildings performed relatively well on criteria for energy, waste, transport and indoor climate

• and less well on criteria for

water, materials and neighborhood

• There is a considerable need for adaptation to Danish conditions - simplest for strong Danish issues

- hardest on weeker issues incl. lack of data, tools and/or practice

DGNB test on Danish office building

Silver

Danish situation now

• DK-GBC has chosen DGNB

for adaptation and use in Denmark

• DGNB’s criteria for new office buildings are being adapted to the Danish context by a number of working groups

• DGNB’s criteria on local plan level are planned to be tested

on a number of Danish plans

Arguments for DGNB

The main arguments for the choice was that DGNB:

• was seen as a second generation scheme

• which equally focused on environmental, social and economic sustainability aspects

• including a strong focus on the use of life cycle assessment (LCA)

and therefore strongly referes to CEN/TC 350

Presentation of DGNB

DGNB

6 Categories

49 Criteria

Community / New building / Existing building

Community / Neighbourhood

Programme, mapping, studies & planning Local plan, heat plan …

New building / retrofitting

Programme, screening, studies & design Project, tendering & construction

In use permit & comissioning Existing building

Management & use

Dialoque + Integrated design + documentation + commissioning

DGNB categories and weightings

Environmental quality

01 Potential for greenhouse gases

02 Potential for ozone layer degradation 03 Potential to create ozone

04 Potential for acidification

05 Potential for over-fertilization 06 Risks to the local environment

08 Wood / sustainable use of resources 10 Nonrenewable primary energy demand 11 Total primary energy demand and

share of renewable primary energy

14 Drinking water demand and volume of waste water 15 Area demands

LCA

Social og functional quality

18 Thermal comfort in the winter 19 Thermal comfort in the summer 20 Interior hygiene

21 Acoustic comfort 22 Visual comfort

23 User control possibilities

24 Exterior quality as affected by the building 25 Safety and risk of hazardous incidents 26 Handicapped accessibility

27 Space efficiency

28 Suitability for conversion 29 Public access

30 Bicycling convenience

31 Creative and urban development quality in a competition 32 Art

Assessment

Max

Points Weights Weights

Life Cycle Assessment - LCA

Life Cycle Assessment - LCA

Environmental indicators

Environmental management / e.g. of substances

Services (user benefits) / e.g. cooling (means) - - - Principples (concepts) / e.g. natural ventilation

Products / e.g. low energy window

Processes / e.g. sustainable forestry and recycling

Resource flows / e.g. energy consumption

LC inventory / e.g. CO₂ emissions

Impacts / e.g. climate change

- - - (indicators) Damages / e.g. health, ecosystem

LCA tools needed / InnoBYG

LCA because assessments should:

- include the whole life cycle for buildings - be quantified

- focus on the environmental impacts in DGNB - be related to ISO and CEN standards

Tools because facilitation should include:

- database on environmental data ESUCO - database on building elements BEAT - database on reference buildings BEAT

- calculation tool for impacts/indicators ESUCO - facilities for representation of buildings A+E:3D

during all stages in design process BEAT

Energy for construction and operation

Forventet udvikling i boligens energiforbrug

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

BR08 LE2 LE1 NZEB Bolig+

kWh/m2/år

Materialer Drift

Fordeling af energiforbruget i store bygninger Eksempel fra DR-byen

Kælder 4,5%

Facade 4,5%

R hus 18,0%

Tag 2,0%

Drift 68,0%

Lette Indervægge

1,0%

Kompletering

InnoBYG project 2,0%

LCA data

& LCA-tools needed

EU Revised CPD CEN mandate Urban sustainability Lead Market Initiative

ESUCO – European database

• European Sustainable Construction Database

• Part of DGNB International

• Includes now LCA data for 500 building materials

• Data hierarchy:

1. Specific data from suppliers / EPD’s 2. Country specific dataset

3. European reference dataset

BEAT

Building Environmental Assessment Tool

Databases

Environmental data for materials, energy sources ..

Factors for impact assessment

Building materials, elements - and buildings Subroutines for

Easy representation of buildings Environmental product declarations Building and life cycle aggregation Impact assessment

Presentation

Environmental profile Data tables

A+E:3D

” With this tool it is possible to create a good dialogue between architects and engineers in the early drafting stages to ensure that architectural

quality and low energy consumption are linked in the building draft. The demand for a tool that can help the architect early to clarify the

parameters affecting energy consumption is very high”

(Signe Kongebro, Henning Larsen Architects)